Posted on November 27, 2020 by DogsBite Staff

The Propaganda is All the Same: Pit Bull Lobby and Tobacco Institute by Lucy Muir - Perspectives of Advocates

Smoking and Health: The Need to Know -- 1972, The Tobacco Institute.

Smoking and Health: The Need to Know
Have you ever wondered where pit bull propagandists came up with their arguments? Some of them are so kooky, I thought they just made them up themselves. But, after seeing a propaganda documentary produced by the Tobacco Institute it would appear that the pit bull lobby copied their arguments directly from the1970s era tobacco lobby . It seems that defending tobacco is much like defending pit bulls.

Take a look at this 1972 documentary film, Smoking and Health: The Need to Know produced by the Tobacco Institute. The goal was to refute the Surgeon General’s 1964 Smoking and Health: Report. The Surgeon General’s statement was the first confirmation that smoking tobacco definitely causes lung cancer, emphysema, and heart disease. The Surgeon General’s Report reviewed over 7,000 research articles to come to their conclusion.

General background of tobacco research

1939 - First research that found a link between smoking and cancer
1954 - Study finds that heavy smokers had a 40 time greater chance of dying of lung cancer
1964 - Surgeon General’s report concludes that smoking causes lung cancer
1972 - Tobacco Institute produced a film to refute Surgeon General's Report

Here are seven arguments the Tobacco Institute used to refute the irrefutable scientific evidence that smoking causes cancer. It seems like the pit bull lobby appropriated these arguments to refute the irrefutable evidence that pit bulls are dangerous. If you watch the entire video, you will find many more arguments that are virtually identical to the arguments the pit bull lobby uses.

Timestamps from Smoking and Health: The Need to Know

2:52 - The narrator practically shouts when he names a list of medical experts we will be hearing from in the film. They will be telling us that cigarette smoking does not cause cancer. When this documentary was produced, there was conclusive evidence that smoking cigarettes caused lung cancer, emphysema, and heart disease. Looking back now, it is easy to see these science hacks were flat out lying.

The pit bull lobby has their own set of experts which they trot out to defend pit bulls. And these experts also should be aware of the yearly death toll inflicted by pit bulls as well as the dozens of published medical studies which all come to the conclusion that pit bulls are far more dangerous than other kinds of dogs. You can find some of these experts on the National Canine Research Council site (owner: Animal Farm Foundation pit bull advocacy group).

Appeal to Authority: I am a Veterinarian & I support Pit Bull type dogs NOT BSL!!!

6:20 - Many risk factors contribute to heart disease.
While correct, controlled studies had already shown that smokers had a higher risk of heart disease than non-smokers. This argument was copied exactly by the pit bull lobby to hide the fact that pit bulls cause more fatalities than all other kinds of dogs. The NCRC published a paper that describes the “co-occurances”, or common “contributing factors” in fatal dog attacks.

Their study found that there were common elements related to fatal dog attacks. For instance, most victims were less able to defend themselves because of their age. Attacking dogs were more likely to be intact. The NCRC ignored that the dog being a pit bull is the leading factor, by far, in fatal dog attacks.

Experts denying genetic traits of the attacker.

6:50 - The word “cancer” isn’t a scientific term because there are many kinds of cancer.
This is obvious nonsense. The term “cancer” is a term for a group of diseases in which abnormal cells divide without control. And smoking is a leading cause of lung cancer.

The pit bull lobby uses the same exact argument. They say the term “pit bull” is meaningless slang because there is more than one breed of pit bull. This argument is so silly that it is surprising that the pit bull lobby did not make this up themselves. The term describes a group of dog breeds that were originally bred for “sport aggression” for the purpose of dogfighting. And pit bulls kill more people than all other kinds of dogs combined.

10:08 - The Surgeon General's large scale review of literature is flawed.
The "experts" first mention the large report that reviews many studies. Then, they shift to criticizing a single study in the report without explaining the shift. They give the impression that the exhaustive report reviewing thousands of research papers is one single study.

The pit bull lobby uses a similar tactic to mislead by ignoring many studies. The AVMA published a supposed literature review from 2014 entitled “Dog Bite Risk and Prevention: The Role of Breed” However, the authors fail to include all recent studies, of which there are many, on the role of breed in aggression, bites, and attacks. Instead, they cherry pick old studies that support their position that breed has no role in the prevalence of bites and attacks. Many of the cherry picked studies are from a time when pit bulls were rare.

Lobbyists make false claims that only appear to be supported by science.

13:48 - Since not all people who smoke get lung cancer, smoking can’t be the cause.
Doctors know that smoking is a risk factor that raises your chance for getting cancer. Not just a risk factor - the leading risk factor. The hack doctor knows that risk factors increase your risk, they do not guarantee you will get cancer.

The pit bull lobby adopts the same argument. Since not all pit bulls attack, genetics and breed can't be the reason serious and fatal pit bull attacks are so prevalent. This is just as nonsensical as the argument the tobacco industry doctors make. No one has ever said that all pit bulls are going to attack. But pit bulls are indeed much more likely to inflict serious injuries than other breeds.

14:30 Other toxins cause lung cancer, too.
One of their examples is asbestos. In 1960 scientists already knew that asbestos exposure causes a specific kind of lung cancer called mesothelioma. And they knew that smoking does not cause mesothelioma. Bringing up cancers caused by other toxins is completely beside the point. Cigarette smoking was still a leading cause of lung cancer and lung cancer was the most common of all cancers in males in the 1960s.

The pit bull lobby's version of this argument is simple: Other kinds of dogs bite, too. Obviously, though true, the statement is irrelevant because pit bulls are still responsible for 66.4% of all dog bite related fatalities.

17:24 - “Most mortality statistics in the cigarette controversy are based on death certificates, not on autopsies performed.” “Death certificates are notoriously inaccurate.”
Here it is suggested that deaths attributed to lung cancer were misidentified and that another disease or condition was the cause of death. According to the Tobacco Institute only autopsies are accurate enough to determine lung cancer is the cause of death. However, during the sixties, several studies found that death certificates were largely accurate.

There were discrepancies when death certificates were reviewed after autopsy. But, the discrepancies were not extensive enough to render statistical data unreliable. In addition, doctors were better at diagnosing and recognizing cause of death for some diseases than for others. And, regarding Lung cancer specifically, the discrepancies between death certificates and autopsies represented a substantial under count of lung cancer as cause of death on death certificates. Which means that deaths by lung cancer were under reported, not over reported, by doctors. These studies were available when the Tobacco Institute documentary came out. These doctors knew the truth.

The pit bull lobby's version of this argument claims that news articles and medical records are inaccurate because they misidentify other kinds of dogs as pit bulls in dog attack articles and research. But they offer no proof to support this. The pit bull lobby claims that only DNA tests can confirm that a dog is a pit bull. But, the courts have consistently found that a person of average intelligence can visually identify a pit bull. In fact, a recent study shows that pit bulls as well as mixed breed dogs with pit bull characteristics are responsible for more serious attacks and for a greater number of attacks. This study confirms that pit bull mixes with visible pit bull traits are as dangerous as pit bulls.

It is uncanny how closely the pit bull lobby arguments mirror the tobacco lobby arguments. And this is only a few found in this film. You can find many more if you watch the entire thing. It is unclear whether the pit bull lobby actually studied these arguments, or if trying to defend the indefensible always leads you to the same lame arguments. Looking back, knowing what we now know, it is easy to see the tobacco industry’s lies. Someday soon, everyone will be able to look at the pit bull lobby’s lies and see them for what they are. Until then, we need to keep fighting for truth.

tobacco institute, smoker's rights alliance, Dave Brenton

Debates featuring the Smoker's Rights Alliance. Note how lobbying works on a media level.

Posted on November 24, 2020 by Colleen Lynn

Pit Bull Breaks Through New Kennel Twice to Repeatedly Attack Shelter Worker at Lenoir County SPCA in North Carolina

Quarla Blackwell filmed part of the attack that occurred at Lenoir County SPCA.

Repeated Attack
Kinston, NC - On November 16, a pit bull-mix being housed by Lenoir County SPCA at 2455 Rouse Road Exd broke out of a new kennel and attacked Dillon Grant, a shelter worker. According to witness Quarla Blackwell, who filmed part of the attack, the dog escaped the kennel twice and attacked twice. Quarla began filming after the first attack and captured SPCA staff trying to secure the dog. Grant was taken to UNC Lenoir Health Care where he was treated and released.

"My legs just got turned into chew toys," he said. "I'm the one who finally stopped him long enough for them to put him in a crate." - Dillion Grant

According to SPCA president Jerry Henderson, the pit bull-mix broke out of a new kennel the SPCA had implemented just two weeks earlier at the shelter. The county owns the shelter and the city insures the building through a contract with the SPCA, reports the Kinston Free Press. "He was strong and aggressive enough to break through a door lock," Henderson explained. "These are brand new kennels, and the lock mechanism must have been a little faulty," he alleged.

Henderson continued with his claims, including that all employees and volunteers receive hands-on training and are required to study from a manual on animal care and safety procedures, reports the Free Press. "The thing you worry about are animals brought in and you don’t have any history on them," Henderson said. "They have triggers that take them back to some unpleasant experience they had in the past, and they just snap." Henderson meant to say that "pit bulls snap."

The Lenoir County SPCA website is branded with a young pit bull and 95% of the dogs available for adoption are pit bulls. The SPCA is currently trying to raise $1.5 million dollars to build a new shelter, according to a brochure on its website. A donation of $50,000 will get the donor's name placed in the reception/lobby. The goal of the new shelter is not to ensure the safety of staff members, but to "ensure the safety, health and well-being of more homeless animals."

Quarla's Video

Again, Quarla did not start filming until the second attack -- the dog breached the new kennel twice, each time to attack Grant. Staffers have no noticeable equipment during the video except for the brief showing of a pole. Instead, they jimmy-rigged a contraption to contain the dog. They placed a kennel over the dog and fortified one side of the kennel with a fan until animal control arrived. Two officers, each with a catch pole, later loaded the dog onto an animal control truck.

Quarla is the star of her own video. She is absolutely amazing. She does, however, make several erroneous conclusions, including that the dog was a "red-nose" (slang for fighting dog). It was not, this pit bull was white. The viciousness of the "repeated" attack was so profound to her that she mistakenly believed that Grant "must have done something" to the dog. Pit bulls do not need provocation to attack; they were bred for explosive aggression to excel in the fighting pit.

What Quarla witnessed is "gameness." The continuing tenacity and tendency of a pit bull to attack repeatedly for the purpose of killing.

Quarla is correct that the pit bull targeted Grant. We have seen this trait in numerous fatal pit bull attacks and these victims are often children (Benjamin Cobb, Daxton Borchardt and many more). We most commonly see this trait when pit bulls attack other dogs. 10 people may rush in to stop the attack, but the focus of the pit bull is to only kill the dog. Some of those 10 people may get injured trying to save the victim dog, but the pit bull is otherwise uninterested in the bystanders.

A targeted attack is common. A rampage attack -- when one or more pit bulls severely attack three or more people -- is less common. Pit bulls will also redirect before or during an attack. The two pit bulls in the Avalon attack were after a Jack Russell. When the victim dog became out of reach, the two pit bulls began attacking each other. This pair of pit bulls also severely attacked the victim dog's owner, "All I did is lift my dog off the ground and I was being chewed on instantly," he said.

Finally, a rampage attack does not necessarily exclude a targeted attack. In the mauling of the 21st Century, three pit bulls attacked for 1.5 hours before they were shot by police. Six victims were rushed into emergency care that night; two were children who suffered massive injuries. The dogs attacked everyone who intervened -- including their owner -- but were dead set on killing the two children. Deputies used a shotgun and a CAR-15 assault rifle to end the rampage attack.

If one has not seen a pit bull fight match -- the extreme concentration on fighting and attacking -- one might have a similar reaction as Quarla.1

We have marked areas of Quarla's video and added commentary. Also, in comments on the video, Quarla nails the true nature of many shelters today. "I never knew the SPCA was a jungle," she said. A jungle without the proper equipment to house potentially dangerous dogs. Housing pit bulls -- many with unknown backgrounds -- is not a snuggly story. Housing biting pit bulls is even more dangerous and many no-kill shelters, like the City of Los Angeles, have poor safety protocols.

Watch Quarla's full Facebook video at Lenoir County SPCA. It is about 23 minutes long.

Video Excerpts

(1:35) "When I tell y'all some red-nosed pit bull just shook him like a salt shaker … he must have done something to that dog." No. This is called gameness. "Relentlessness" is not the same as "vengeance."
(2:15) "When we were signing that paperwork, we heard somebody hollering. It was him, y'all. The dog had been shaking on him for about" ten minutes. (During the trauma of an attack, ten seconds can seem like ten minutes. It is unclear how long the attack lasted). "The ladies went in there to get him and I jumped in my car -- locked the doors and rolled up the windows."
(3:18) The bizarre jimmy-rigged cage contraption is seen. There is a kennel, trash can and a large outdoor fan, somehow securing the dog.
(4:10) "Y'all shoot the damn dog!" Remember that Quarla is traumatized from seeing the attack and from recognizing that she could have been the victim. She does not understand what they are doing with the dog, nor is she a shelter worker nor perhaps does she have any experience with firearm protocols. "If that were me, y'all would have shot me." (Painful societal commentary that we could not leave out).
(4:50") "I don’t know what I got myself into! I was just coming to get my dog. I am 100% going to get him away from this." Quarla surrendered her dog Willie (a "Puggle" according to video comments) to the shelter, but then changed her mind.
(5:19) Slight zoom in. There is no noticeable safety equipment anywhere.
(5:33) In a classic moment, Quarla blurts out, "Grandpa, you know you ain't ready for that dog! That's a red-nosed pit bull" (a generic term that refers to a fighting dog).
(6:42) "Oh my God, in the name of Jesus. It's crazy out here. I wasn't looking for this." Quarla was an accidental witness to the speed, ferocity and relentlessness of a pit bull attack. No normal person is "ever" looking for this!
(7:00) "That cage is still shaking. She just got him caged in. She put it over the dog's head and caged him in. And they are using the fan to cage him in."
(7:50) Quarla recounts the events. "We were in the building talking. We hear somebody hollering and screaming and she take off running. And a pit bull busted out of his chain (kennel). They thought they had him locked into another cage and he was smart enough to lift the handle on that … Moral of the story is, you gotta have better equipment when you dealing with them dogs … them pit bulls will turn on you."
(8:15) He must have done something to that dog. "He broke out of two fences to get to him. It was like no stopping him. I ain't never seen nothing like that before in my life. He [would] shake it like a red-nosed -- he shook it like a red-nose. I'm not lying to you. My God! All of us were standing around when he broke out the second time. He didn't come for neither one of us. He only went for his 'subject' … when that dog hit that chain, he didn't have me in mind. I couldn't even get the video going fast enough. I was gone, back to my car to lock myself in. But he didn't come after nobody, but exactly who he wanted. He had his 'target.'" The dog had extreme focus and concentration on fighting and attacking its subject.
(9:15) "Only him and the dog know why the dog attacked him." Many people refuse to believe in unprovoked violence by a dog. Quarla even understands what a red-nose is, a pit bull specifically bred to fight to the death. Quarla still can't believe what she saw, yet she mistakenly presumes provocation, even vengeance, was involved.
(9:36) "Got yourself a hell of a lawsuit. That is what you call worker's comp. If they was paying him and it wasn’t under the table…he definitely gets some unemployment now." Quarla is right about this, but notice how the CEO was quick to blame "product failure" to escape liability?
(10:15) "They can't spare his life. He just tried to kill somebody." Quarla is right on the mark. If human intervention had not occurred, Grant would have ended up like Christine Liquori, who was attacked by a pit bull-mix that was up for adoption at the Humane Society of St. Lucie County. She was found dead and disfigured two hours later by a shelter volunteer.
(11:00) "Is that dog dead already?" She asked. Not yet, the deputy responds. It is a natural reaction for Quarla to be fixated on this question. She wants the dog dead so that she can safely get out of her car and so that it cannot harm anyone else.
(15:00) Another recount of events.
(18:07) The back of the animal control truck is seen.
(18:22) "Is it safe to get out now?" She asks. No, says a person off screen.
(18:53) Loading the dog into the back of the truck.
(19:30) "I was here to pick up a dog. That could have been me! … All of us were standing out there. He only had one 'target' that he wanted," she said.
(21:10) "She was the closest one! He passed her to get to him." In this moment (and throughout the video) Quarla can't wrap her head around an unprovoked, relentless and targeted attack by a pit bull, despite this being the very behavior pit bulls were selected for.

This discussion of “unpredictable aggression” pertaining to an animal is relevant given that one of the chief reasons pit bulls are regulated under breed-specific laws in over 1,000 jurisdictions in the U.S. and jurisdictions within 53 countries worldwide is specifically due to the breed’s “unpredictable aggression.” Fighting breeds were selected for impulsive aggression, unbridled aggression, and the willingness to attack in the absence of species-specific signs. Multiple appellate court decisions have also remarked on this characteristic of the pit bull. - DogsBite.org, public comments to the Department of Transportation, April 2020

Pit Bulls also possess the quality of gameness, which is not a totally clear concept, but which can be described as the propensity to catch and maul an attacked victim unrelentingly until death occurs, or as the continuing tenacity and tendency to attack repeatedly for the purpose of killing. It is clear that the unquantifiable, unpredictable aggressiveness and gameness of Pit Bulls make them uniquely dangerous ... While these traits, tendencies or abilities are not unique to Pit Bulls exclusively, Pit Bulls will have these instincts and phenotypical characteristics; most significantly, such characteristics can be latent and may appear without warning or provocation. - Vanater v. Village of South Point, June 1989

Quarla continued to post about the attack. On November 18 she wrote, "They need to do something about this place. It's loaded with dogs and cats and the workers are at HIGH RISK. I watched an employee get attacked and no one had any protection. With all those dogs around and all the money that is donated to the SPCA, they should at least have dog mace there to control these stray dogs." Instead, the CEO blamed the attack on a "faulty" lock mechanism.

In 2018, the Lenoir County SPCA took in $463,000 in donations and $162,000 in program service revenue (Animal Control and Care for Lenoir County). Total revenues were upward of $736,000. Thus far, it appears that no other information about the SPCA's investigation has been released. The dog was expected to be "put down and tested for rabies," according to Henderson. Without Quarla's Facebook video, this violent attack on a shelter worker would have remained hidden.

Lenoir County is situated right in the middle of dogfighting territory. There is no doubt the SPCA has taken in a share of fighting dogs too. There are no excuses for the SPCA -- whose building is owned by the county and is insured by the city of Kinston -- to lack proper safety equipment and protocols. "Throw a kennel on the dog and fortify it with a fan," is unacceptable. Grant is young, but certainly could have endured permanent injuries. We hope that he is properly compensated.

SPCA Fails Inspection

After we published this post, it came to our attention that there was a surprise inspection at Lenoir County SPCA two days after the dog broke out of its new kennel twice and attacked the shelter worker. "The future of the Lenoir County SPCA is in serious jeopardy after failing a recent state inspection citing multiple major violations and management issues," reports the Kinston Free Press. The inspection report was disapproved by the North Carolina state inspection agency.

The inspection notes that new enclosures have "damaged chain link, bent poles and gate laches are not sturdy enough to contain a large breed aggressive dog." - Kinston Free Press, November 24, 2020

"Major faults include lack of proper records, inadequate facilities and enclosures for the dogs, poor cleaning, not enough staff, lack of toys for long-term animals in care, lack of rabies vaccinations and being over capacity for dogs and cats," reports the Free Press. Management at the shelter has 48 business hours to respond in writing with a corrective action plan. The report also states that recent enclosures added to the facility since August may not meet basic safety requirements.

The jimmy-rigged cage at Lenoir County SPCA after a dog broke out of its new kennel twice.

Animal control officers load dog onto truck after it attacked a worker at Lenoir County SPCA.

1Visualize the concentration of a racing dog racing. Visualize the concentration of a herding dog herding. Visualize the concentration of a pointing dog pointing. Now, visualize the concentration of a fighting dog fighting.

Posted on November 19, 2020 by Colleen Lynn

2020 Dog Bite Fatality: Man Killed by Pack of Dogs in Rural Jackson County, Florida; Police Issue Advisory

Donald Ray "Ducky" Allen, 65, was killed by a pack of dogs in rural Jackson County.

Suspected Culprits
UPDATE 11/24/20: Authorities captured photos of the dog pack suspected in the mauling death of 65-year old Donald Allen. No one is surprised the dog pack encompasses a number of pit bulls and American bulldogs -- in Florida, particularly, these two breeds are indistinguishable, as the southern American bulldog was built off the back of the American pit bull terrier. An owner allowed this pack of dogs to roam at large. We don't expect any criminal charges in the state of Florida.

Pack includes the southern American bulldog, also identified as a pit bull in other jurisdictions.

There is no doubt that there are pit bull-mixes in this group of at-large dogs that killed a man.

11/19/20: Man Found Dead; Killed by Dogs
Bascom, FL - On Wednesday morning, a man was found dead on the pavement along Kirkland Road after being mauled by a pack of dogs. The Jackson County Sheriff's Office received a call at 7:48 am about a man lying next to the roadway in the 6500 block of Kirkland Road outside of Bascom in Jackson County. Deputies and troopers from the Florida Highway Patrol responded and confirmed the man was deceased. He was identified as Donald Ray Allen, 65, of Bascom.

"Upon completing a thorough investigation, it was determined that the subject had been walking in the roadway when he suffered life-threatening injuries from an animal attack," the Sheriff's Office said in a news release Thursday morning. "The injuries are believed to have been caused by a pack of stray dogs roaming in the area." Investigators have been in contact with Jackson County Animal Control and are placing traps in the area. No other information has been released.

Press Conference -- Jackson County Sheriff Louis Roberts III gave a press conference Thursday afternoon. In a somber tone, Roberts said that the attack occurred sometime after 10:00 pm Tuesday. The drone division has been activated and a nighttime flying unit. Sheriff Roberts asked the public if anyone has seen any aggressive dogs in the 6500 block of Kirkland Road. Authorities will be looking into the possibility of coyotes -- should be easy to clear up via a DNA database. Nothing is being ruled out at this point. The victim lived about 5 to 6 miles away from attack site. Last time someone spoke to the victim was about 10:00 pm when he was dropped off at his home. The autopsy determined his death was caused by the animal attack. Lab results will take time to determine. The dogs may be feral or owned. - Jackson County Sheriff Louis Roberts III

A GoFundMe has been set up by family members to help pay the unexpected funeral costs.

In March of this year -- just 35 miles away in Chipley, Florida -- Beverly Dove, 60-years old, was mauled to death by a pack of dogs on an adjoining property of Home Sweet Home, an assisted living facility in Washington County. "It was a pretty horrific scene," Sheriff Kevin Crews said at the time. "One like they had, in their careers, never been to." Five dogs were eventually removed from the scene. Breed information was never released by the Washington County Sheriff's Office.

The recent fatal dog mauling is about 35 miles away from a fatal pack attack earlier this year.

Donald Allen, 65, was found dead along the side of Kirkland Road Wednesday morning.

Baseline reporting requirements:
Law enforcement departments across the United States should release consistent "baseline" information to the media and the public after each fatal dog mauling, including these items.

Posted on November 17, 2020 by DogsBite Staff

My Take on Pit Bulls by Carol Miller - Perspectives of Advocates

Guest Author Carol Miller's take on pit bulls since she was attacked kicks off Dogsbite.Org's guest author series: Perspectives of Advocates

I have a number that I consider significant. Hang in there with me for just a few minutes. That number is how many Americans have been killed by pit bulls since the date of my own attack in 2007. Sadly, that number changes regularly. The number stands at 334 as of November 17, 2020.

That is 334 Americans killed in 13 years. If a manufactured product killed at this rate there would be a massive product recall but elected officials are reluctant to face the rage of breed-specific advocates so the deaths continue at an ever-increasing pace without meaningful regulation.

A great deal of research has been done on pit bull fatalities and that research goes back to the first documented pit bull fatality in the USA back in 1833. From that first fatality in 1833, it took pit bulls 174 years to kill 291 Americans (to the date of my attack) and in 13 years, pit bulls have killed an additional 334 Americans.

What happened in 2007 to kick off this bloodbath? The Michael Vick case brought pit bulls into the public eye and those looking for profit seized the opportunity. The rest is history. The date of my attack is my personal choice but pick any date you like. The numbers don't change much.

Survivors don't get their original peaceful lives back. We live with pain and PTSD. Many live with disfiguring injuries. The 334 didn't get the opportunity to see another holiday season or to see their children grow up.

What is wrong with elected officials who allow this to continue? What is wrong with breed advocates who refuse to acknowledge the suffering they create? What is wrong with those who claim to love pit bulls and continue to breed pit bulls despite the absolute knowledge that the dogs they produce in their back yards have almost no possibility of ending up in a stable and lifelong safe home?

Walk through any city-owned Animal Control facility or private shelter in America and look at the dogs harbored there awaiting the "perfect Owner." Cute little dogs have very short stays but pit bulls languish for months to years because there is no "perfect owner" for dogs that were surrendered for attacking family members or neighbors or killing other pets.

The peaceful public can't have much impact on this situation, only those who love pit bulls can stop the suffering.

DogsBite blog ::

General background of tobacco research

Timestamps from Smoking and Health: The Need to Know