European Study of Dog Bite Fatalities Suggests Rise in Deaths Could be Due to Increasing Number of Dangerous Breeds

European study of dog bite fatalities
European study of dog bite fatalities, data from 30 countries over 22-year period.

Open Access Study
Sweden - In January 2021, the first study examining dog bite fatalities in 30 European countries was published. The cause of death data was collected from Eurostat, similar to how CDC collects this data for all 50 states. In 2011, reporting data to Eurostat became mandatory under EU Commission regulations. The study found that the number of European fatalities due to dog attacks increased "significantly at a rate of several percent per year" over the period studied.

The number of European fatalities due to dog attacks increased significantly at a rate of several percent per year. This increase could not be explained by increases in the human or the dog populations…

We detected a strong increase in number of fatal dog attacks over time, which of course is of concern. This increase could be seen both over a shorter (6 yr) and a longer (20 yr) time frame, and it matches a similar increase in the USA. The increase in fatalities could not be explained as a simple function of there being more dogs, because the increase was more rapid than the increase in the dog population. - (Sarenbo et al., 2021)

This is a study involving small death numbers accrued over a 22-year period. Countries with the highest number of dog bite bite fatalities between 1995 and 2016 include: Hungary (94), France (79), Romania (67), United Kingdom (56) and Poland (49). Overall, 599 deaths were coded as W54 deaths, "bitten or struck by dog," the same ICD-10 code that US hospitals use (The International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision).

Due to some countries not reporting data to Eurostat prior to 2011, the study estimated the actual number of deaths to be closer to 827. "The true number of Europeans killed by being bitten or struck by dogs during these 22 years should therefore lie somewhere between 599 and 827, but considering the large amount of unreported years (26%), it may be closer to the latter," states the study. Eurostat may also underreport small death numbers, just as CDC Wonder is presumed to.1

"Dog Attack Iceberg"

Common criticisms by pit bull factions is that fatal dog attacks are rare; therefore fatality statistics are irrelevant. Now we see the first dog bite fatality study encompassing 30 European countries. The authors state, "The numbers of fatalities are indeed a very small tip of the 'dog attack iceberg', and the number of dog attacks that lead to hospitalizations of the victim outnumber fatalities by several orders of magnitude." The tip of the "dog attack iceberg" indicates a much larger problem.

Given that this study is open access, we will only address a few key parts in various sections. In the introduction, we were struck by the bold language in the second paragraph that describes the injuries victims sustain in severe and fatal dog attacks. A face being "ripped off" and "decapitation has been reported" are not phrases we see in US peer-review. The two decapitations involved an attack by a pit bull and a "large male mixed-breed terrier." Both victims were male infants.2,3

Attacks that cause severe injury or death in a human victim are relatively rare, but when they do occur, the dogs tend to drag their preys down or bite the limbs in order to disable the victim, and then continue biting. Dogs in fatal attacks have often targeted the "throat, neck, or cranium, and if the attack continues, death will finally result from asphyxiation, exsanguination, or a fractured cranium and its complications". The neck is the most common area for fatal attacks by predatory wild canids, presumably because this site is the most vulnerable. The victim’s scalp and/or face can be severely damaged and even ripped off, with exsanguination as on consequence. Also decapitation has been reported. Severe dog attacks are characterized by repeated, focused biting and shaking until the victim is no longer moving, and that the victim or any person intervening having extreme difficulties ending the attack. - (Sarenbo et al., 2021)

In the discussion section, the authors suggest explanations for the rising number of fatalities. One being the increasing popularity of dog breeds that have the potential to kill adult humans. Since W54 does not track breed of dog involved, the authors point to breeds that are "recurrently identified as perpetrators in literature concerning fatal dog attacks" as "indirect evidence" that an increasing number of dangerous breeds can partly explain the observed increase in fatalities.

One explanation for the increase in number of fatalities could be that people have changed in the way they train, keep and interact with dogs. Another potential explanation is the increasing popularity of dog breeds that have the potential to kill also adult humans. These types of explanations needs to be investigated using other methods than ICD data. However, some indirect evidence already exist that an increasing number of dangerous breeds can partly explain the observed increase in fatalities. The following dog types (purebred or not, and according to the FCI classification of dog breeds) are recurrently identified as perpetrators in literature concerning fatal dog attacks: Bull type terriers (FCI Group 3.), Mastiff type (FCI Group 2.), Nordic Sledge dogs and Asian Spitz and related breeds (FCI Group 5), and Sheepdogs originating from Germany in FCI Group 1. - (Sarenbo et al., 2021)

In the FCI classification, bull type terriers include: bull terrier, Staffordshire bull terrier and American Staffordshire terrier. Mastiff type (Molossoid) include: mastiff, bullmastiff, rottweiler, presa canario and others. Nordic Sledge dogs include: Alaskan malamute and Siberian husky. The Asian Spitz and related breeds include: akitas and chow chows. "Sheepdogs originating from Germany" are simply German shepherds. The same top-killing dog breeds in the US.

The next paragraph is purely European. It perhaps never would be found in US peer-review. The authors want to discuss the "breeding, marketing and selling" of "high-risk breeds" and the liability of these breeders. They also want to know if there were other offspring made from the same parental material as the fatally attacking dog. The current lack of "breeder traceability" is a "potential source of risk to the health of not only the animals but also the public," states the study.

In the US, there is rarely an effort by police to find the source of the fatally attacking dog (parental material) or the dog's siblings that came from the same litter. In the US, after a dog kills a person, officials quickly adopt out any puppies the dog may have had. The scientific "heritability of behavior," particularly aggressive behavior, is rarely researched in the US. When realized, heritability of abnormal aggression destroys the false claim, "It's all how you raise them."4

Breeding, marketing and selling "high-risk breeds" and the liability of breeders needs to be discussed in connection with fatal dog attacks. Important information includes who bred and raised the dog in question, if there were more litters from same parental material, the criteria the breeders used when selecting the breeding stock and to whom is the breeder sells the puppies. However, the traceability of dogs to their breeder is typically not possible in Europe because only one EU member state, Belgium, registers hobby breeders. The lack of breeder traceability has been described as "a potential source of risk to the health of not only the animals but also the public". - (Sarenbo et al., 2021)

The authors also comment on the dangerous false claims made by kennel clubs, regarding pit bulls and children. These false claims in the UKC, AKC and KC breed standards for pit bull breeds are responsible for children being killed by these dogs every year. The authors comment on the Nanny Dog myth invented by a Staffordshire bull terrier fancier as well. "The marketing of dog breeds as 'nanny dogs' should be prohibited because there is no evidence that such dogs exist."5

Breeds such as Pit Bull terrier and Staffordshire Bull terrier are described in Breed Standards as "excellent family companions and have always been noted for their love of children" or "Highly intelligent and affectionate especially with children" despite their history as fighting dogs, their weight and strength. Their specific style of biting, "hold and tear", can cause fatal injuries in minutes, and the biting combined with violent shaking exacerbates the injuries. Additionally, bull breeds are known to be aggressive to other dogs, which indirectly increases the risk of injuries to humans who may try to protect their own dogs from the attacking dog…

Second, the marketing of dog breeds as "nanny dogs" should be prohibited because there is no evidence that such dogs exist. Third, we believe that all dogs should be traceable to their breeder, that dogs belonging to high-risk breeds should wear a muzzle when visiting public areas, and never left under supervision of inexperienced temporary keepers. - (Sarenbo et al., 2021)

We could not agree more that fatally attacking dogs should be traceable to their breeder and that high-risk dog breeds should be muzzled when in public areas and never left under supervision of inexperienced or temporary keepers. A number of US fatal dog attacks have occurred under both scenarios. Legislating that would prove difficult in the US, but certainly parts of Europe have tried. Many European countries are light years ahead of the US regarding dangerous dog breeds.6

Age and Gender Differences

The age and gender differences between the European study and the US are startling. Recall that 30 different countries make up the European study. Infant and child fatalities are much less frequent in Europe than in the US (infants comprised 3% of Euro deaths vs. 12% of US deaths and children ≤ 9 comprised 16% of Euro deaths vs. 45% of US deaths, according to our data). In the European study, each of the ≥ 50 age groups had more deaths than children 1-9 age group.

The gender differences between Europe and the US are interesting too. In the European study, males dominated the 30-69 age groups and with statistical significance in the 40-59 age groups. In CDC Wonder data, males led 40-69 age groups, but not with significance. In DogsBite.org data, females led every age group 30 and older. In the 70 and older age groups, females predictably dominated all 3 data sets (Euro, CDC and DogsBite), as women tend to live longer than men.

No Competing Interests

Both study authors are faculty members of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Biology and Environmental Science at Linnaeus University in Sweden. The authors report no declarations of competing interests -- this neutrality clearly shows in the study. Disinterest, however, is not always true in peer-review. For a decade, studies produced by the US Pit Bull Lobby contained hidden conflicts of interest. Perhaps unknown to these authors, they cited one (Patronek et al., 2013).

In 2020, American researchers finally exposed these hidden conflicts of interest -- we first documented this fact in 2016. For a decade, the peer-review community has been influenced and misled by this literature authored and funded by undisclosed pit bull advocacy groups. Every study with deliberately hidden conflicts of interest is intended to show that pit bulls are unidentifiable, pit bulls do not kill more people than other dog breeds and that breed-specific laws are ineffective.7

Summary

Fatal attacks inflicted by dogs are increasing in Europe. This increase in deaths outpaces growth in human and canine populations. One possibility for this increase is that people have changed the way they train, keep and interact with dogs. Another possibility is the "increasing popularity of dog breeds that have the potential to kill also adult humans," states the study. This cannot be determined by using Eurostat or CDC Wonder data, which excludes breed and narrative data.

The Swedish authors are a fresh and much-welcomed new voice for victims of serious and fatal dog maulings. Phrases like, fatalities are just a "small tip of the dog attack iceberg" illustrate how large this problem is in Europe and the US. Phrases like, "decapitation has been reported" and that exsanguination resulted from a face or scalp being "ripped off" are vivid descriptors of the severe damage victims sustain in violent dog attacks that we do not see in US peer-review.

Finally, calling out the false claims in kennel club breed standards, stating that pit bulls/Staffies "have always been noted for their love of children" and are "highly intelligent and affectionate especially with children," despite their history as fighting dogs, is long overdue. These US and UK kennel clubs deliberately lie to the public. The European study also states that marketing dog breeds as "nanny dogs" should be prohibited because there is no evidence that such dogs exist.


European study of dog bite fatalities

30 countries = 27 member states of the European Union, plus UK, Switzerland and Norway.

Editorial note: On May 9, 2021, we updated the age group and gender data comparison charts to include comparisons between Eurostat data, CDC Wonder data and DogsBite.org data.

1Human Fatalities Resulting From Dog Attacks in the United States, 1979–2005, by Ricky L. Langley, Wilderness & Environmental Medicine, April, 2009 ;20(1):19-25.
2Pitbull Mauling Deaths in Detroit, by Loewe CL, Diaz FJ and Bechinski J, Am J Forensic Med Pathol, 2007 Dec;28(4):356-60.
3Extensive and Mutilating Craniofacial Trauma Involving Defleshing and Decapitation: Unusual Features of Fatal Dog Attacks in the Young, by Tsokos, M, Byard, R, and Puschel, K, Am J Forensic Med Pathol, 2007;28: 131-136.
4One open access study was recently published, Highly heritable and functionally relevant breed differences in dog behavior, in a UK journal, The Royal Society.
5United Kennel Club, American Pit Bull Terrier Breed Standard - "APBTs make excellent family companions and have always been noted for their love of children." (ukcdogs.com); United Kennel Club, Staffordshire Bull Terrier Breed Standard - "high intelligence and tenacity. Coupled with its affection for its friends, and children in particular." (ukcdogs.com); American Kennel Club, Staffordshire Bull Terrier Breed Standard - "indomitable courage, high intelligence, and tenacity. This, coupled with its affection for its friends, and children in particular" (akc.org); The Kennel Club, Staffordshire Bull Terrier - "Traditionally of indomitable courage and tenacity. Highly intelligent and affectionate especially with children." (thekennelclub.org.uk)
6Spain requires owners of high-risk breeds (pit bulls, rottweilers, dogo Argentinos, fila Brasileiros, tosa inus and akitas) to be of legal age, take a physical capacity test and have a physical aptitude certificate (as vehicle drivers are required to), have an absence of criminal records and dogs must be microchipped, insured (120,000 euros) and leashed and muzzled when in public places.
7Four peer-reviewed items authored or co-authored by the American pit bull lobby that failed to disclose conflicts of interest, funding sources, a declaration of "pit bull advocacy" or all three:
  • Patronek GJ, Sacks JJ, Delise KM, Cleary DV, Marder AR. Co-occurrence of potentially preventable factors in 256 dog bite-related fatalities in the United States (2000-2009). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2013;243:1726–1736.
  • Patronek GJ, Slater M, Marder A. Use of a number-needed-to-ban calculation to illustrate limitations of breed-specific legislation in decreasing the risk of dog bite-related injury. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2010;237(7):788-92.
  • Voith VL, Trevejo R, Dowling-Guyer S, Chadik C, Marder A, Johnson V, Irizarry K. Comparison of Visual and DNA Breed Identification of Dogs and Inter-Observer Reliability. American Journal of Sociological Research. 2013;3(2):17-29.
  • Delise K. Imprudent use of Unreliable Dog Bit Tabulations and Unpublished Sources. Ann Surg. 2012;255(5):e11-2.

Related articles:
03/11/21: Two European Studies Examine Dog-on-Dog Killing Aggression
01/12/21: 2020 Fatal Dog Attack Breed Identification Photographs - DogsBite.org
07/16/20: Discussion Notes - 2019 U.S. Dog Bite Fatality Statistics & Combined Years

2021 Dog Bite Fatality: Family Dog Fatally Mauls 4-Year Girl in Fort Worth, Texas

Forth worth family dog kills
Elayah Brown, 4-years old, died after being attacked by a family dog in Fort Worth.

Dog Kills Child
Fort Worth, TX - On Friday, a 4-year old girl was attacked by a dog at a South Fort Worth home. The attack occurred in the 1400 block of Oak Grove Road just after 5:00 pm. Arriving officers found the child seriously injured by the dog in the backyard. She was taken to Cook Children's Medical Center in critical condition, where she later died. The Tarrant County Medical Examiner identified her as Elayah Brown. Fort Worth animal care and control took custody of the dog.

"The sole dog responsible for this incident has been identified and is in the custody of Fort Worth animal care and control," police said in a news release Friday. Crimes Against Children Unit detectives are also investigating. "Anytime there is a loss of life, it’s a tragic incident. Our thoughts and prayers go out to the family and all first responders that responded to this call," Fort Worth Police Chief Neil Noakes said. The circumstances of the deadly attack were not released.

Fox 4 News captured footage of a fawn colored dog with blood on its coat being led to an animal control vehicle by a catch pole. The male, unaltered dog, is clearly a pit bull-mix -- see additional screenshots. The wide skull, head shape and ears are predominantly pit bull; the tail and fur are a mixture of another breed. There were two dogs in the family's household, reports Fox 4 News, one of the dogs was not responsible for the attack and was not taken into custody by animal control.

Weekend Updates

The family started a GoFundMe to help pay for the child's funeral costs. Police released no additional information. A spokeswoman for the city, Diane Covey, made a peculiar statement to the Star-Telegram, indicating that she couldn't name any predominant breeds. Currently the city's shelters are holding 355 dogs. Zero of these dogs are listed solely as "mixed breeds." 100% of these dogs have a predominant breed listed and many also have a secondary breed listed.

Churro is a good example of a pit bull's wide skull, head shape and ears, where the tail and fur are a mixture of another breed. Churro is listed as a pit bull-mix. Furthermore, the idea that breed is solely determined by physical appearance is invalid. Appellate courts have long ruled, "Pit bull dogs possess unique and readily identifiable physical and behavioral traits which are capable of recognition both by dog owners of ordinary intelligence and by enforcement personnel."

The dog owner of ordinary intelligence, when determining whether he or she owns a pit bull dog, need not rely solely on the dog's physical traits. Rather, the pit bull possesses certain distinctive behavioral features which differentiate it from other dog breeds…the trait of unusual relentless ferocity or the extreme concentration on fighting and attacking…the quality of gameness, which it described as "the propensity to catch and maul an attacked victim unrelentingly until death occurs"…When these behavioral traits are taken together with the physical characteristics described above, a fairly clear picture of a dog "commonly known as a pit bull dog" begins to emerge…Pit bull dogs possess unique and readily identifiable physical and behavioral traits which are capable of recognition both by dog owners of ordinary intelligence and by enforcement personnel... - Ohio v. Anderson, Supreme Court of Ohio (1991)


Forth worth family dog kills

Images of the male family dog with blood on its fur being taken into custody by animal control.


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Related articles:
01/12/21: 2020 Fatal Dog Attack Breed Identification Photographs - DogsBite.org
04/14/20: 2020 Dog Bite Fatality: Woman Dies After Pit Bull Attack in Fort Worth
08/31/15: Who Can Identify a Pit Bull? A Dog Owner of 'Ordinary Intelligence' Say High Courts


Baseline reporting requirements:
Law enforcement departments across the United States should release consistent "baseline" information to the media and the public after each fatal dog mauling, including these items.

2021 Dog Bite Fatality: Child Killed, Mother Hospitalized While Caring for Neighbor's Two Pit Bulls in North Carolina

Owners of the Pit Bulls File Lawsuit to Get Dogs Returned to Them

caring for neighbor's pit bulls - Jayden Henderson
Jayden Henderson died and her mother was injured while caring for a neighbor's pit bulls.

Judge Rules in Favor of Town
UPDATE 09/10/21: On Friday, Wake County Superior Court Judge Vince Rozier ruled that the Town of Garner can determine the fate of two pit bulls that killed a 7-year old girl in April. "This has gone farther than it should have," Judge Rozier said. "To the parents, I'm sorry you've had to endure this." Just minutes after the judge's ruling, Garner Chief of Police Joe Binns said the dogs will be euthanized Monday. The dogs' owner, Joseph White, declined to speak to WRAL News.

Judge Rozier also stated, "It's not appropriate probably as a judge to call someone selfish, but after 15 years of being a judge, this is the most self-focused case I have ever seen in my life," referring to the owners of the dogs. "And I don't understand it," he said, "because this case is about Jayden Henderson when it comes down to it." Judge Rozier reiterated that there has always been a "common sense solution" to this case, and that "I based my decision on the rule of law."

Wake County Superior Court Judge Vince Rozier

Wake County Superior Court Judge Vince Rozier ruled in favor of the Town of Garner.

Jayden's Parents, Heather Trevaskis and Dave Henderson

Jayden's Parents, Heather Trevaskis and Dave Henderson seen after judge issued his ruling.



09/08/21: Upcoming Hearing
On September 10, a hearing will be held in front of Wake County Superior Court Judge Vince Rozier to determine the fate of two pit bulls that killed a 7-year old girl and severely injured her mother back in April. As predicted, the two sides did not come to an agreement during the 60 day period Judge Rozier granted the two parties in July. Joseph and Amanda White want their two dangerous dogs back. The Town of Garner believes the dogs are too dangerous to be returned.

In preparation for Friday's hearing, the Whites launched a PR campaign to "save" Blitzen and Athena, including the creation of an Instagram page, a website and a petition. None are persuasive, given that the dogs brutally killed a child "without warning or provocation," according to Garner Police Chief Joe Binns. The website, however, did provide one document that interested us. On May 10, Joseph submitted a letter to the Town regarding the Dangerous Dog Appeal.

Previously, we had questioned the "22 days of obedience school" training that Blitzen, the 8-year old male dog, had attended. That school was Sit Means Sit Dog Training, which is a franchise that has an operation in Apex, North Carolina. The primary training methodology is shock collar, and they sell their own branded e-collar. Presumably, Blitzen attended the 21-day board and train program, of which, "Dogs with severe aggression and anxiety issues may benefit the most."

Based on photographs from Blitzen's original Instagram page, which has since been removed, and the recent "save them" campaign, we believe Blitzen attended the school (where the owners were not present) during the summer of 2019, when the canine was about 6-years old. From August 2019 forward, whenever Blitzen is seen wearing a PTSD service dog vest in a public environment, he is typically wearing a shock collar, which is an ethical mockery for a trained service animal.

Shock collars disqualify any dog from being a peaceable emotional support animal or functional service animal.

According to the White's own screenshots, Blitzen, at about 6-years old, did not know the Come and Sit commands, had difficulty "approaching people/dogs," had high distractions with little to no public obedience and by day 16 of training with a shock collar, still lacked impulse control. Remember Blue, the "rehabbed" pit bull? Blue also lacked impulse control. As soon as Blue's new owner removed the shock collar, the dog immediately attacked and killed the owner's mother.

Let's continue reading Joseph's letter. Despite the dogs being alleged ESA, service animals, the Whites did not take the dogs to a family gathering in San Diego. The fatal attack occurred during that trip. Moreover, Joseph spent $3,000 for a "sturdy new wooden fence" prior to leaving to San Diego so that so that his "in-laws wouldn't have to leash and walk the dogs." Do these dogs sound like peaceable dogs? No, especially if Blitzen routinely wore a shock collar while in public.

Shock collars can suppress aggression and poor impulse control, but the device cannot remove these traits.

The fact that the Whites are oblivious to the behavioral and ethical issues of shock collars, especially for a service animal, and fail to grasp "lack of impulse control," provides even more ammunition to the police chief's assessment, "Allowing the dogs to be released would create a substantial and unnecessary danger to the public." We add to his statement, "Allowing the dogs to be released to the Whites would create a substantial and unnecessary danger to the public."

caring for neighbor's pit bulls

Blitzen seen behaving calmly as an alleged service animal while wearing a shock collar.

Logic of an Adolescent

In the Dangerous Dog Appeal letter, Joseph swears up and down, the way an adolescent would to an adult, that if the Town returned the two pit bulls to him and removed the dangerous animal declaration, the "dogs would not travel outside of our new residence" and the dogs "would never be allowed to interact with people or children again." Anywhere the dogs would have to travel, Joseph claimed, "we would make sure to muzzle them and take exetreme precautions" [sic].

These dogs killed a little girl and nearly killed her mother. Her mother is only alive because Blake Dicello, an experienced off-duty Raleigh police officer who lives next door, intervened. "That day will change me forever," he told Garner council members after the attack. "I did not see two dogs defending their property. That’s not what I saw. I saw two dogs viciously attacking and mauling two unconscious people," Dicello said. "Nobody should ever have to see what I saw," Dicello said.

Joseph can't be "everywhere at once" and he can't foresee unforeseeable events that life will deliver, such as a tree falling on his fence and his dogs escaping. Human beings are imperfect, and they rarely have control over unpredictable events. Only an adolescent would hold such a fantasy belief. Joseph also lacks awareness of criminal liability. In nearly all 50 states, he would face serious criminal charges if either of these dogs seriously injured or killed a person again.

Management Always Fails

Resuming with the falling tree scenario (page 38), animal trainer Angela Schmorrow presented a slide show in 2020 about "Behavior Assessment and Modification: What is Possible and What Isn't?" The first rule of "management" of a dog with aggression is that "management always fails" because "things happen," she states. Trees fall on fences, gates and doors blow open, leash clips fail, collars slip off, owners trip and fall, miscommunication happens, states the presentation.

This also circles back to the Canine Behavior Review with Sue Sternberg and Gia Savocchi, where Sternberg talks about the "paradox." Level 1 dog owners, the lowest level, like the Whites, have no qualifications to manage a dog with human killing aggression. Any experienced trainer or animal behaviorist (Level 3 dog owners) would say "No way on earth" to owning any dog with human killing aggression. A level 6 biter, which is death, cannot be managed or rehabbed.


07/14/21: Franklin County Responds
On July 14, the Franklin County Board of Commissioners foiled the plans of the owners of two pit bulls that killed a 7-year old girl and injured her mother in late April. Joseph and Amanda White, who are currently suing the Town of Garner to have their dangerous dogs returned to them, had hoped to move to Franklin County with their dogs after the litigation. The ordinance passed by the commissioners states that any dog that has killed a person will be confiscated and put down.

"Notwithstanding other sections of this ordinance, any dog that kills or has killed a human being shall, at the owner’s expense, immediately be taken into the custody of Franklin County Animal Services and housed for up to thirty days and shall at the end of this time be humanely destroyed. Nothing herein shall prevent said dog’s owner from voluntarily agreeing to have the dog humanely destroyed."

The ordinance is effective immediately and applies to any dog that has previously killed a person. The Whites will now have to choose a different county -- or state -- to relocate to after the litigation, assuming the Whites succeed in getting their two dangerous pit bulls returned to them. Garner should pass the same type of safety ordinance to prevent any future attempts by owners of fatally attacking dogs from turning the tragic mauling death of a child into a narcissistic spectacle.


07/08/21: Judge Delays Euthanasia
During the July 8 hearing, Wake County Superior Court Judge Vince Rozier granted a preliminary injunction that would prohibit the Town of Garner from putting down a pair of pit bulls that killed a 7-year-old girl and critically injured her mother in late April. Judge Rozier also ruled that Jayden's parents could have limited intervention during the preliminary injunction hearing, given the narrow nature of the hearing, and allowed their attorney to make a victim impact statement on their behalf.

Judge Rozier granted a 60 day delay in the Town euthanizing the dogs, and he hopes that the two parties can reach an agreement during the period. Our nonprofit does not believe there will be an agreement, so we expect to see them all back in court in 60 days. This is only the beginning too. These proceeding could last for months or even years, depending upon appeals, much like the case of Onion and the ongoing case regarding Dexter, currently at 1.5 years along in process.

Attorneys from New York-based Lexus Project participated in both cases. William Plyler, the attorney for Jayden's parents, may not grasp the "circus" nature and the "twisting of facts" involved in these court cases ("saving" a death row dog after it has severely injured or killed a person). A circus is the norm not the exception. Despite this, we encourage Plyler and the parents of Jayden to keep going and to adjust their calendars out to at least two years in consideration of appeals.

Watch the full preliminary injunction hearing recorded by WRAL-TV on July 8, 2021.
Judge Allows Victim Impact Statement

"The cold hearted nature of our proceeding today"… I recognize there are reasons people come to support and I don't want to seem coldhearted and like we ignored them. A double disgrace [regarding the witnesses that came to speak, but will not be allowed to speak at this particular hearing].

As I previously mentioned, the intervener's request to be a part of this. A motion to intervene will be granted in inclusion of today's hearing.

As Mr. Plyler pointed out, there are victims in the case and although our victim impact statute probably more or less relates to criminal matters, I think it is still appropriate to make sure that is recognized. So if you want to make a statement -- not calling any witnesses -- if you want to make a statement you can.

Attorney for Heather and Dave (1:13)

Plaintiff has not addressed anything about this unclean hands. That gets to the facts. Because they've got blatantly and intentionally false allegations in their Complaint that they were seeking to use at this injunction. My clients have a right to point those out. You said that you would allow us to do that. In our motion and in the record, and in their Complaint, they allege that Heather and Jayden did not have authority to be on the property. You have seen in our motion the text message two days before, where Heather sent the Whites a photograph of Jayden playing with the dogs in their yard, and we have a text message to the Plaintiff back to Heather thanking them for playing with the dogs in the yard. You don't have to rely on the affidavits of Heather and Dave …

"We just want to talk about words" [referring to Plaintiffs], I don't blame them. If I was in their position, I would not want to be talking about the lies they put before this court. They are seeking equitable relief. That is what they are seeking, "equitable relief." The courts have long recognized that a party seeking equitable relief, such as injunctive relief, must come before the court with clean hands. The doctrine of unclean hands exists to protect the integrity of the court, not only to benefit the opposing party.

Now, I understand in other fields --- politics, sports or whatever -- maybe society has gotten to the point where they shrug their shoulders when somebody tells a blatant, bald-faced untruth in a verified Complaint. I submit the courts should be the last refuge of truth. And in this case, they're coming in here asking for equitable relief -- extraordinary relief -- extraordinary. And they're doing it on one basis. They are saying its irreparable harm. There's no other basis. They are not going to succeed. I submit it's highly unlikely they're going to succeed on the merits…

Now, one of the key points that the court has to do when deciding whether to grant extraordinary relief, is to balance the interests of my clients, the Town and the Plaintiffs, in deciding whether to a grant injunctive relief. In balancing the interests…I think it's important that allow me to at least make a victim statement on behalf of the victims in this case. Everybody in this county, in this state, in this country and probably in the world knows that these dogs should be put down. That's not an issue. These dogs should be put down. They killed in an unprovoked attack, a seven year old girl. You've seen that affidavit from the officer Cello, who came to the rescue and rescued Heather from being killed. What he saw in that affidavit, he saw that one dog with Jayden shaking her with only her hands and her knees touching the ground by the neck, unconscious. And he saw Heather being dragged across the yard with her unconscious with another dog. That's what these dogs did. They're coming into court, having made up these fabrications, saying, "Hey we got clean hands, we want to get these dogs back."


07/01/21: Upcoming Court Hearing
On June 29, the owners of two pit bulls that attacked and killed 7-year old Jayden Henderson and critically injured her mother filed a lawsuit against the Town of Garner to stop the euthanasia of the involved dogs, which was set for July 3. Today, Wake County Superior Court Judge Becky Holt placed the euthanasia date on hold until July 8, allowing the dogs' owners, Joseph and Amanda White, to have a preliminary injunction hearing to contest the Town's euthanasia order.

This hearing is set for July 8. The attorneys for the parents of Jayden, Heather Trevaskis and Dave Henderson, filed a "motion to intervene" in the case between the Whites and the Town. This recent update in the case also supplied affidavits filed by Heather and Dave. Both parents state in the affidavits, "After the attack on April 27, 2021, I learned that the dogs had a history of aggressive, dangerous, and hostile behavior. We were not aware of this history before the attack."

This is new information. The Whites of course, fiercely deny this and state in their Complaint: "Prior to this incident neither Blitzen or Athena had ever exhibited any aggressive, dangerous, or hostile behavior, nor had either of them attacked or threatened or assaulted any persons or dogs."

Athena was adopted out by the Wake County Animal Center in 2019. Since the multi-victim attack that killed Jayden in late April, both dogs have been in the custody of the Wake County Animal Center, a grim irony. The Whites have since moved to Franklin County. Fighting the euthanasia order is only part of their battle. The Whites also face Franklin County officials who are "not going to be cooperating" with having these dogs designated as "dangerous" living in their jurisdiction.

Both parents also stated, "These dogs are killers. The untrue things that the Whites have asserted about us when communicating with the Town and in the lawsuit filed on Tuesday has been very difficult to understand. The possibility that the dogs could be released/freed and returned to the Whites, through litigation or a decision from the Town, is deeply upsetting." Both parents strongly feel that they are the true "victims in this case," whose daughter was killed by these dogs.

I feel strongly that Dave and I (Heather and I), as the parents of our daughter who was killed by these dogs, are victims in this case.

As the victims immediately affected by the dog attack, Dave and I (Heather and I) feel a moral obligation to people everywhere to oppose the release of these dogs to the Whites or to anyone else. We believe very strongly that regardless of the precautions the Whites might take to prevent the dogs from ever being exposed to any other person again, there is no guarantee that the dogs might not escape. - Heather & Dave

Alleged Service Animals

In their lawsuit against the Town, the Whites allege, "Athena is an emotional service animal to Plaintiff Joseph White, who is a United States marine Core combat veteran and sustained PTSD as a result of military service" (sic). First, the lawsuit misstates an ESA, it is an "emotional support animal." The word "service" is not present in ESA. Second, despite one of the largest Marine Corps bases being located in North Carolina (Camp Lejeune), the lawsuit misspells "Corps."

The lawsuit alleges, "Blitzen is a service animal for Plaintiff Amanda White" and "Blitzen received PTSD training and attended 22 days of obedience school" -- a 3-week time period that evokes a "charlatan" dog trainer. Both Whites "went on a trip to San Diego" without their alleged PTSD dogs when the dogs killed Jayden and injured her mother. Persons with disabilities who have trained service dogs are virtually tied to their dogs; the dogs always travel with them wherever they go.

caring for neighbor's pit bulls

A portion from Whites v. Town of Garner, concerning the two pit bulls that killed Jayden.


05/17/21: Pit Bull Owners Identified
In a disturbing, but not unsurprising update, the owners of the two pit bulls that killed 7-year old Jayden and critically injured her mother on April 27 are trying to get their dogs returned to them. On Monday, Joseph and Amanda White submitted an application for a permit to the Garner Police Department to declare the dogs dangerous and to allow the dogs to be returned to them. In the application the Whites stated, "This is out of nature for either dog to have hurt a human being."

One person commented on social media, "So you're telling me that they haven't put that dog down for killing a human being...a child at that. What kind of society are we living in?" Another person said, "Anybody who wants to get dogs like that back are truly sick!!! Seriously, mentally ill."

Notably, prior to the multi-victim attack, the Whites previously displayed these dogs on social media wearing fake "Emotional Support Animal" and "Service Dog" vests. Each dog also had its own Instagram page for its fan-base. Neither dog, however, had many fans. Athena, the fight bust dog, was following 109 people, but only 102 people followed back. Blitzen was following 128 and had a whopping 160 follow back -- this is after deliberate promotional efforts by the Whites.

In addition to Heather Trevaskis losing her precious daughter, she also continues to recover from severe bite injuries. "I have numbness and lack of function in some of my right hand and some of my left hand," she told WRAL News. Her longterm prognosis is uncertain. The news that the Whites are seeking to have their dogs returned to them, once again turned her world upside down. "I couldn’t live with myself if something else happened to somebody else," Trevaskis said.

Neighbors Petition Council

After WRAL published that Joseph and Amanda White are seeking to have their two pit bulls returned to them, residents in their neighborhood mobilized and spoke at a town council meeting to oppose this. Patrice Johnson, a Vandora Pines HOA board member, spoke on behalf of the Vandora Pines community. "It will cause undue stress (for the children in the neighborhood) to have these dogs brought back to the neighborhood, which is the current request of the owners."

We are asking that you reject this permit request, given the nature of the incident and the fact that we have lost one of our children. - Patrice Johnson

Blake Dicello, a longtime Raleigh police officer also spoke. Dicello lives across the street from the home where the dogs resided on Roan Drive. Dicello intervened during the attack and likely saved Heather Trevaskis' life. “That day will change me forever," he said. "I did not see two dogs defending their property. That’s not what I saw. I saw two dogs viciously attacking and mauling two unconscious people," Dicello said. The little girl and her mother were completely incapacitated.

"Those dogs were not defending their property. They were viciously attacking and mauling two defenseless people," Dicello said. "Nobody should ever have to see what I saw," he said. "I stand unequivocally with this community. I've been told several times that if it wasn't for me arriving on scene when I did, the first one to come through the gate, that Heather would not be here…In fifteen years, I have never seen anything like what I saw on that afternoon," Dicello said.

Town Attorney Terri Jones explained that the decision to grant the permit ultimately comes down the town's animal control officer, who is currently seen on the town's website hugging a pit bull. So that should make Garner citizens confident that he will be "unbiased" and put the duty of his job, which is protecting public safety, before his pit bull advocacy? "Ultimately," Jones restated, "the decision on the permit will rest with the Garner police department and the Garner police chief."

The Garner News reports there is now a "For Sale By Owner" sign outside of the owner's home.


On May 18, residents of Vandora Pines Community in Garner spoke against these dogs being returned to the neighborhood. This is a powerful hearing and we urge you to watch it.


Pit bull owners Joseph and Amanda White

Joseph and Amanda White are seeking to get their pit bulls back after their dogs killed a child.


04/28/21: Victims Part of WRAL Family
The child has been identified as 7-year old Jayden Henderson. Jayden and her mother were members of the Capitol Broadcasting Company. Her mother, Heather Trevaskis, who remains hospitalized, has been the master control operator for eight years at WRAL-TV, reports the Raleigh-based news outlet. Jayden would often visit her mother during her work breaks. At WRAL, she was known for playing hide-and-seek among the desks in the newsroom during those visits.

Jayden died of the injuries she sustained while being attacked by two pit bulls. Trevaskis suffered multiple bites and severe hand injuries. The pair had been caring for the pit bulls while their owner was out of town. The attack happened in the owner's backyard. Garner police said they have never had complaints about the dogs in the past. Neighbors told WRAL-TV the same thing. Jayden was a first grader at Vandora Springs Elementary. She leaves behind a younger sister.

The Pit Bulls

Late Wednesday afternoon we were able to confirm the two pit bulls on Instagram -- each dog has its own Instagram account.1 The family adopted Athena in December 2019, according to posts, and she appears to be a fight bust dog. Athena is seen wearing an "Emotional Support Animal" vest, and Blitzen, a neutered male, is seen wearing a "Service Dog" vest. Most of the posts have hashtags like: #pitbullsofinstagram, #dontbullymybreed, #servicedog, #furchild, and #pittienation.

One photo showed Athena still in her shelter kennel, characterized by blue, cream and sage green cement wall striping, an "exact match" to the Wake County Animal Center (WCAC), which had a "Pit Bull Adoption Special" in October 2019. WCAC now joins a growing number of taxpayer-funded shelters, in whole or part, since 2014 that have adopted out or transferred a dog to a rescue that killed a person. Our list does not include dogs placed by "fosters" or "rehomings."

Furthermore, the agency that adopted this dog out is now holding it in bite quarantine. Ironic, isn't it? WRAL-TV interviewed Dr. Jennifer Federico, the Wake County Animal Services Director. Federico falsely claimed that 70% of fatal dog attack victims are children. The actual percentage is less than 50%.2 To obfuscate dogs that inflict "human killing aggression" and dogs that inflict "garden-variety dog bites," Federico also stated that all dogs "have teeth" and "they can all bite."

Shelter Dog-Inflicted Deaths


caring for neighbor's pit bulls

The pair of pit bulls that live in the 100 block of Roan Drive where the fatal attack occurred.


04/27/21: Pit Bulls Kill Child
Garner, NC - Garner police issued a statement late Tuesday confirming that a 7-year old girl died from injuries she sustained by her neighbor's two pit bulls. Her mother remains hospitalized in stable condition. Police believe the mother and daughter were caring for a neighbor's two pit bulls while the owner was out of town. The multi-victim attack occurred after 6:00 pm in the dogs' backyard in the 100 block of Roan Drive. Wake County Animal Control seized both dogs.

The seven year old female injured in the dog attack earlier this evening has died as a result of her injuries. Her mother remains hospitalized and in stable condition.

Reports indicate the pair are neighbors who were helping care for the dogs, 2 pit bulls, while the owners were out of town. The incident occurred in the dogs' back yard, and the cause of the attack is not known. "This is a horrible tragedy for all involved. Our thoughts and prayers go out to both families and all those who responded,” said Lt. McIver, CID Commander.

We will update this case as more information becomes available.

Garner Police are investigating a dog attack on Roan Dr. Two individuals sustained serious injuries and were transported to Wake Med for treatment. Both dogs were seized by Wake County Animal Control and transported to the Wake County Animal Shelter. There is no threat to the public. This incident is under investigation. - Garner Police Department

This deadly attack occurred as we are preparing 2020 dog bite fatality statistics, specifically, while we analyze household and time factors. "In 2020, 15% (7) of dog bite fatalities involved a babysitter or relative watching a child or the dog being 'watched' by a person other than its owner when the dog fatally attacked. When breed was known (6 of 7), pit bulls accounted for 100% of these deaths." This attack also marks another multi-victim and multi-dog attack involving pit bulls.

Back in March, in a very different scenario, a 3-year old boy was killed and his mother seriously injured after two roaming pit bulls belonging to a neighbor breached their fence-line and attacked them. Those dogs routinely ran loose. No criminal charges were filed after this egregious crime because the state of New Jersey does not have a felony dog attack statute. No charges are likely in this case either; the pair likely knew the neighbor's dogs and were on the dogs' property.

Nearly every year, one or two deaths are added to our "dog sitting" pit bulls archives. We cannot stress how dangerous this endeavor is. Pit bulls are already responsible for 67% of all fatalities since 2005. Yet, they always weigh in more heavily than 67% in the temporary time factors (babysitting, dog sitting, 0-2 months new to the home, and temporarily visiting the dog owner's home). Caring for not just one, but a pair of pit bulls while the owner is away, is a high-risk activity.

caring for neighbor's pit bulls - fatal pit bull attack

Police and EMS vehicles were seen on Roan Drive after the violent pit bull attack Tuesday.

caring for neighbor's pit bulls - Jayden Henderson

A GoFundMe was started today for 7-year old Jayden Henderson, who died in the dog attack.

map iconView the DogsBite.org Google State Map: North Carolina Fatal Pit Bull Attacks.
1Within a few hours of publishing links to the Instagram pages of the fatally attacking pit bulls, these accounts were privatized. We have since added screenshots.
2The "rate" of children killed by dogs (per 100,000) is higher than of adults, but "rate" is a different number than a percentage of total fatal dog mauling victims.

Related articles:
03/17/21: 2021 Dog Bite Fatality: Boy Killed, Mother Severely Injured in Violent Pit Bull Attack


Baseline reporting requirements:
Law enforcement departments across the United States should release consistent "baseline" information to the media and the public after each fatal dog mauling, including these items.

Jayce’s Law Has Hearing: Powerful Testimony by Charleston Humane Society and Mother of Boy Killed by Stray Pit Bull

On April 22, 2021 a hearing was held for Jayce's Law, a proposed statewide pit bull law in South Carolina. Powerful testimony was given by his mother and the Charleston Animal Society.


Columbia, SC - On Thursday, "Jayce’s Law," H. 4094, sponsored by Rep. Huggins, had a hearing in the Special Laws Subcommittee of the House Judiciary Committee. It was a fantastic hearing with powerful testimony by Joe Elmore, president and CEO of the Charleston Animal Society, Jayce's mother, Victoria LaBar, Tallulah McGee, Director of Beaufort County Animal Services and Barbara Nelson, President of the SPCA Albrecht Center for Animal Welfare in Aiken County.

The hearing and this bill, the "fertile pit bull" bill, are both highly unusual events. Today, we saw a passionate Elmore, speaking on behalf of state animal sheltering organizations that support a breed-specific law. The bill would not affect any person whose pit bull is sterilized and microchipped -- the bill is not mandatory. Jayce's Law would charge a $25 fee to maintain a fertile pit bull that is not microchipped. For identification purposes, the microchip component is critical.

Emore testified about multiple fatal pit bull attacks, the death of Jayce in January and Ethel Horton, who was killed in Lee County in 2010. "This affects men, women, children, black, white, elderly. It affects all of us South Carolinians. It affects our families," he said. "The most pressing issue for animal shelters, in costing millions of dollars each year, taxpayer dollars and donor dollars, is the disproportionately large number of pit bull-type dogs" that are not altered.

Elmore brought compelling state animal shelter data to the table during his testimony. (Note also, this 2021 peer-reviewed study where Charleston Animal Society provided the animal data: Characterizing unsuccessful animal adoptions: age and breed predict the likelihood of return, reasons for return and post-return outcomes). Elmore also expressed how much support the bill has among South Carolina shelters, "those of us working on the front lines" in this state, he said.

These are the facts. These are South Carolina facts. This is South Carolina data. Pit bull-type dogs are the most prevalent dogs entering South Carolina shelters ... Right now at our shelter in Charleston County, we have 98 dogs in our care, 38 of those are pit bull-types of dogs, 42%. That is not uncommon...

Number two, pit bull-type dogs are disproportionately euthanized due to the overwhelming numbers of them ... [local shelter data] indicated that nearly half of the types of dogs put down were pit bull-types of dogs.

Pit bull-type dogs are the exclusive dog of choice for dogfighting.

Pit bull-types of dogs cause more severe injuries to South Carolinians than any other dog. This is from our DHEC, our South Carolina DHEC. In 2019, 34% -- 2,533 of the 7,455 identified breeds of dogs committing bites, were from pit bull-types of dogs...1

This legislation addresses four problems. Incentivizing spay/neuter. Relieving significant burdens on animal shelters. Reducing the number of dogs available to dogfighting. Mitigating the amount of harm caused to humans by fertile pit bull types of dogs and raising awareness about the plight of these dogs…

For the sake of our sons of South Carolina. For the sake of our grandmothers of South Carolina, let us not go another ten years without action." - Joe Elmore

As Elmore states in his testimony, the only groups that oppose the bill are out-of-state -- the same groups we deal with every year when fighting state preemption bills that would prohibit local pit bull ordinances. The Big Three: American Kennel Club (AKC) and Animal Farm Foundation, both New York-based and Best Friends Animal Society, Utah-based. Notably, it was brought up several times during testimony that this national kennel club does not even recognize the pit bull breed.

Elmore also stated the following, of which we may hear about more down the road: "The Animal Farm Foundation is suspended in South Carolina. Today, it is suspended by our Secretary of Commerce. I see no standing for these three organizations," he said. "The AKC does not even recognize pit bulls as a breed of dog, doesn't run animal shelters, neither does the Animal Farm Foundation." He added about BFAS, "I couldn't even tell you what states surround Utah."

"I couldn't even tell you what states surround Utah. I don't think most South Carolinians could. I don't think most South Carolinians care."

Elmore's testimony and emphasis on "our DHEC" and "our South Carolina DHEC" and "our sons of South Carolina" and "our grandmothers of South Carolina" shows just how much interference the Big Three had on the failed attempt at a similar bill in 2019 -- that bill had a $500 registration fee. Despite the exceptionally modest $25 fee, the Big Three are still hard at work to kill Jayce's Law. The Big Three's "hatred" of breed-specific laws outweighs the well-being of pit bulls.

Jayce's Mother

Victoria's livestream to Facebook after her son's death was breathtaking. Her testimony today was breathtaking as well. She is only 23-years old, and she is as brave as they come. She tells her story of the stray pit bull that ended up on her property that was not fixed. She contacted animal control, but the pit bull was not microchipped. "The bottom line is, a phone call could have saved my son's life. If whoever owned that dog had just called and reported him missing," she said.

"In less than three seconds, my life changed. Eight days the dog was with us. He showed no signs of anything. Until he just walked up to my son and ripped out his throat," she said. "If these laws had been in effect, just maybe my son would be alive today. Nothing will bring my son back. My son and a dog died that day, and neither one had to happen ... I had found [the dog] a home. The day the man was supposed to come get him" is the day the dog killed my son, she said.

"We still have no idea who the dog belongs too. We can find no vet records for his rabies vaccines. He had no microchip. He was not fixed."

McGee & Nelson

McGee testified about the mandatory pit bull sterilization ordinance her county passed in 2015 and the success of this ordinance. This success was also possible because the Hilton Head Humane Society provided free pit bull spaying and neutering services. Like San Francisco, which passed the first mandatory pit bull sterilization ordinance in the country in 2005, McGee's shelter used a Fix-It-or-Ticket campaign (administrative tickets) to support the enforcement of the ordinance.

McGee testified that higher penalties should come to those creating the problem. The time and effort required to collect a $25 fee would not be cost effective, she said, but the bill is a step in the right direction. We hope in the future, "we need to be aggressive and hope that administrative tickets would be in enforcement throughout the state. Because the revenue to pay for free sterilization would be from the people who are the problem, not the taxpayers," McGee testified.

Like Elmore, Nelson expressed that her SPCA is "local and on the ground" and is not associated to the New York-based ASPCA. She also reiterated that pit bulls have "historically been bred to have extremely strong jaws and do not let go of their victim. They are the breed of choice for drug dealers, and others who post them as alarms in protection against law enforcement. They have found their way into the general population of dogs, and that is extremely unfortunate." she said.

"They are the most abused. They are the hardest to adopt and the most euthanized. They are by far the largest percentage of dogs in shelters."

Nelson also testified about the success of her registration fee ordinance, despite the AKC's opposition. "The AKC, a national organization that does not even recognize the breed of pit bulls, opposed that ordinance," she said. The Aiken ordinance charges $100 to register a fertile dog; it's a lifetime fee. "It worked extremely well," she said. "Registration ordinances for fertile dogs work." In 15 years, she has seen a two-thirds reduction of unaltered dogs brought into her shelter.

"We had no push back from the citizens," she said. "The only push back we had was from AKC. They told me it wouldn't work. They told city council it wouldn't work. Fortunately, city council was progressive enough. They passed the ordinance. You can see that it worked," she said. "Understand that these dogs have the propensity to turn like that if they are fertile -- they have a tendency to be aggressive. I will be happy to answer any of your questions," she said.

Summary

The Big Three oppose all breed-specific policies and laws and are the top forces working in our country to 1.) Repeal local pit bull ordinances 2.) Pass state preemption laws barring local governments from enacting and enforcing pit bull laws 3.) Pass laws that prohibit property insurance carriers from using breed-specific policies (the breed "blacklist") and 4.) Pass laws that prohibit landlords and public housing authorities (Section 8) from using breed-specific policies.

Elmore and his South Carolina animal welfare colleagues have done the unthinkable in the eyes of the Big Three. They have fragmented the once all-powerful alliance of animal welfare groups opposing breed-specific laws. Elmore and his colleagues did so because they want to create a safer community for people and to provide a humane solution to the excessive over-breeding of pit bulls. They have mounted a strong force against the Big Three and we wish them success!

As Elmore implied, if the state had taken these steps -- a bill like Jayce's Law -- ten years ago, shelters in South Carolina would not be experiencing the safety and humane crisis of pit bulls disproportionately biting, occupying shelter space and being euthanized. The Big Three out-of-staters have no care in the world about shelters in South Carolina brimming with unwanted pit bulls. They have no care in the world for the sons or grandmothers of South Carolina either.

Jayce's Law South Carolina

On April 22, a hearing was held for Jayce's Law, the "fertile pit bull" bill in South Carolina.

Jayce's Law, pit bull south carolina

New York-based pit bull group, Animal Farm Foundation, was suspended in South Carolina.

1DHEC is the South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control.

Related articles:
04/12/21: South Carolina 'Fertile Pit Bull' Bill has Support from Animal Shelters Across the State
02/02/21: Estimated U.S. Cities, Counties, States and Military Housing with Breed-Specific Laws
01/22/21: 2021 Dog Bite Fatality: Mother Live Streams After Pit Bull Killed Son in South Carolina